> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.nannyml.com/cloud/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.nannyml.com/cloud/model-monitoring/how-it-works.md).

# How it works

- [Probabilistic Adaptive Performance Estimation (PAPE)](https://docs.nannyml.com/cloud/model-monitoring/how-it-works/probabilistic-adaptive-performance-estimation-pape.md)
- [Reverse Concept Drift (RCD)](https://docs.nannyml.com/cloud/model-monitoring/how-it-works/reverse-concept-drift-rcd.md)